As South Africans settle into the routine and inconvenience of load shedding and planning their activities around shifting electricity supply, it is businesses that are taking the biggest hit through the loss of operational capabilities, productivity and profitability. While individuals deal with manoeuvring their household times and sitting in gridlock traffic, local businesses, hospitals, schools, and industrial sites must find ways to remain operational despite limited generating capacity.
The electricity shortfall makes it crucial for organisations to reconsider their power supply systems. According to Nick Oosthuizen, managing director at Inframid and consultant in energy efficiency, there is no silver bullet to solving this challenge. “Businesses need to take an holistic approach. A tailored system, based on a feasibility study that considers unique power supply elements for your organisation, will ensure the highest return on investment,” he advises. “There are at least five essential aspects to consider.”
1. Know your load
To ensure an optimal energy supply system, it is important to know your electrical demand, load content, and architecture. Businesses should conduct an electrical audit before considering other energy sources. A good place to start is by considering the energy efficiency of the load elements. For instance, the Coefficient of Performance (COP) is the efficiency of refrigeration, aircon, and water heating systems and is highly dependent on product quality. A higher COP equates to lower operating costs, so businesses should continuously consider the technology they are using, especially as part of maintenance replacement plans.
2. Check your utility connection
Although utility supplied power is highly unreliable at the moment, it is still the cheapest. As your main source of energy, you should validate that you have utility connections at the most cost-effective tariff scale. Acquiring and operating backup power can be expensive if not part of an overall plan, and all energy saving initiatives should be considered.
3. Consider your backup options
Popular backup power solutions include diesel generators, gas generators and batteries. The chosen solution will largely depend on cost and usage requirements. While backup power reduces your dependence on utility power – a feature in high demand at the moment – it comes at a price. Electrical teams need to motivate this investment to the decision-makers. The best way to do this is through a feasibility study that weighs up all elements of power supply in relation to each other and the prevention of downtime.
Downtime can be very costly and should be measured when looking at the feasibility of a backup power solution. This also bears weight on the kind of backup power you decide to use and when it will kick in. This varies between industries and applications. For example, one minute of downtime before backup power kicks in might be too much for certain manufacturing plants. Oosthuizen advises that organisations do a breakdown of electrical loads and establish the normal load, the backup load and the essential load. The essential load is where you cannot lose a second and a seamless transfer will be needed.
4. Think about seamless transfer
For organisations which cannot afford a lapse in power supply, a seamless transfer system will be necessary. However, this seamless transfer might not be needed for all loads in the facility. The essential load would be the priority, and would need an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for mission-critical systems. However, this is an expensive commodity, and it is important to apply a UPS to essential loads only, and after determining its feasibility.
5. Save energy where you can
Reducing your energy requirements is an obvious strategy when it comes to improving your security of supply and reducing costs. When it comes to saving energy, it is not just about the energy efficiency of the technology you use. Supplementary power sources are something worth considering. Renewable energy generation in the form of solar, wind and other state-of- the-art generation can be implemented. This has the potential to convert your load into a valuable asset.
An independent energy procurement process should be conducted to provide appropriate and competitive solutions. This will increase the overall feasibility. A good energy strategy is to utilise utility power augmented by other feasible energy elements and to shift loads to minimise energy usage. A good energy efficiency strategy is a worthwhile investment as it helps companies to avoid costly downtime and saves energy usage, thus improving the return on the investment made.
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