IT in Manufacturing


Why AI will never truly understand machines

January 2026 IT in Manufacturing

Cutting-edge technology and solutions powered by AI are embraced by specialist condition monitoring company, WearCheck, where the extreme accuracy of data used to assess and diagnose machine health is paramount. However, it is important that certain diagnostic responsibilities are not just assigned to AI tools without considering the need for human intervention and experience.

Annemie Willer, manager of WearCheck’s Asset Reliability Care (ARC) division, explains what this means.


Annemie Willer, manager of WearCheck’s Asset Reliability Care division.

“We keep hearing claims from industry stakeholders and customers that if you throw enough data from vibration, oil, thermography, process sensors, ultrasound and acoustic emission (AE) into an AI system, it’ll somehow converge into a perfect picture of machine health, complete with the exact corrective action to take. It’s a nice idea. In fact, it sounds like the future, but I don’t buy it.

I am not anti-technology, quite the opposite. I’ve worked in diagnostics long enough to see the value of every tool we have; but I’ve also been around long enough to know that machines don’t behave according to theory, and AI doesn’t account for this. For example, I keep encountering the myth of ‘convergence’. This is the idea that all condition monitoring technologies can fuse into one holistic truth, which assumes that machines behave in predictable and repeatable ways, but they don’t. You can install ten pumps from the same OEM, running under the same process conditions, in the same plant, with the same lubrication, and they won’t age in the same way. One might run clean for six years. Another might seize up in eight months. No amount of sensor data is going to reliably tell you why.

This is because machines are not clones. They’re flawed. They are manufactured to tolerance, and not perfection. Machined surfaces differ microscopically and assembly is never identical. Added to this are human hands, production targets, rushed shutdowns and midnight-shift decisions. It is important to take the real-world situation into account when assessing an asset. AI relies on data, but data only captures what the sensors see, not what the maintenance person did when nobody was watching. It does not record the subtle looseness that a technician ‘felt’ but didn’t log. It does not register the fact that someone topped up the wrong grease, or skipped torque checks or ran a fan uncoupled for three minutes at startup.

No historian records that and without this real-world information, AI is blind to the issues that actually cause most failures. I believe that every condition monitoring technology has its place, and its limits. For example, vibration monitoring tells us about mechanical behaviour; oil analysis identifies lubricant condition and contamination; thermography picks up heat and load imbalance, AE and ultrasound testing give early warnings of friction, turbulence or sparking; and process data provides the operating context, but not the root cause of failure.

These monitoring techniques and their test results don’t converge neatly. One doesn’t combine them to get a better truth. Rather, they should be compared to demonstrate different perspectives. That’s what makes condition monitoring powerful, it’s a team effort, not a solo act.

Can we rely on AI?

AI is useful, just not in the way that the vendors keep claiming. It can spot changes over time, rank the risks, filter out noise and highlight anomalies − and all of this is valuable. However, AI cannot know the history of every shaft and housing. It cannot understand why a lube change worked for one gearbox and not the next. It cannot interpret subtle mechanical behaviour that only a human technician would notice, and it cannot predict how different people on different shifts handle the same piece of equipment. AI can help one find where to look, but not what to do when you get there.

I have always told our customers that machines are messy and that this is not a problem, it is merely the reality. Machines have personalities, not literally, but in how they wear, respond and behave under pressure. This is not related to engineering design or process control; it has to do with maintenance history, human touch and physical realities that no AI-powered model, however sophisticated, can learn.

The idea that AI will converge all technologies into one correct decision ignores this complexity. It reduces the craft of diagnostics to a logic problem, when in fact, it’s part science, part art and always tied to context. Let AI support us. Let it help us scale, see patterns and work smarter; but let’s stop pretending it can replace understanding or diagnose machines like a seasoned engineer can. Machines don’t live in the cloud, they live in the real world where convergence isn’t the goal, clarity is.”


Credit(s)



Share this article:
Share via emailShare via LinkedInPrint this page

Further reading:

Install and commissioning time cut by 50% thanks to digital twin insights
Rockwell Automation IT in Manufacturing
ECM Technologies, a world leader in the design and manufacture of innovative and modular low-pressure carburising industrial furnaces, has developed a solution that removes many of the installation and commissioning challenges relating to the development, testing and deployment of large-scale heat treatment plants.

Read more...
Reliability restored through systemic vibration analysis
Wearcheck Analytical Instrumentation & Environmental Monitoring
Condition monitoring specialist, WearCheck uses a variety of testing techniques to enhance reliability in machinery components and prevent failures.

Read more...
Real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance in African data centres
ACTOM Electrical Machines IT in Manufacturing
Running a data centre in Africa brings many challenges. Traditional maintenance strategies struggle to keep up with these realities. Predictive maintenance offers a different approach.

Read more...
Siemens ecosystem strengthens data and AI integration
Siemens South Africa IT in Manufacturing
Siemens has announced significant expansions to its Industrial Edge ecosystem, accelerating data and AI integration and releasing enhanced cybersecurity functionalities. These enable a seamless integration of IT and OT environments, optimise processes and reduce operational disruptions.

Read more...
WearCheck strengthens onsite sampling capabilities
Wearcheck Motion Control & Drives
The precise accuracy of taking an oil sample from a machine component is one of the most critically important steps in the scientific analysis of oil as part of a condition monitoring programme.

Read more...
Siemens manages shipbuilding process for HD Hyundai
Siemens South Africa IT in Manufacturing
Siemens has been selected by HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering as a preferred partner to establish an integrated platform to manage the entire shipbuilding process as a single data flow to help ensure consistency across all its global shipyard facilities.

Read more...
Oil analysis is an investment that pays a cost-savings dividend
Wearcheck Motion Control & Drives
The majority of organisations implementing oil analysis face the challenge of maximising operational cost savings against the pressure to achieve full production and enhance shareholder value. An organisation may, or may not, achieve the intended benefits for several reasons, chief among them being the failure to implement a sound corrective-action strategy.

Read more...
Transforming the process industry through digitalisation
Endress+Hauser South Africa IT in Manufacturing
By connecting field devices, systems and people, digitalisation creates new opportunities to optimise operations, enhance maintenance strategies and support continuous improvement. As a leading instrumentation provider and major source of process data, Endress+Hauser plays a key role in enabling this transformation.

Read more...
The OT operator’s guide to security and uptime on the plant
RJ Connect IT in Manufacturing
The article addresses three common questions about industrial network deployment and maintenance, exploring ways to achieve better control and visibility with more efficiency.

Read more...
The assets you can’t see are the ones that can shut you down
IT in Manufacturing
ABEGuardOT is an asset management solution that delivers continuous, non-intrusive visibility across multi-vendor environments, including Siemens, Rockwell, ABB, Honeywell, Schneider Electric, Emerson, GE and Yokogawa, with support for OPC UA, EtherNet/IP, Modbus and Profibus.

Read more...









While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained herein, the publisher and its agents cannot be held responsible for any errors contained, or any loss incurred as a result. Articles published do not necessarily reflect the views of the publishers. The editor reserves the right to alter or cut copy. Articles submitted are deemed to have been cleared for publication. Advertisements and company contact details are published as provided by the advertiser. Technews Publishing (Pty) Ltd cannot be held responsible for the accuracy or veracity of supplied material.




© Technews Publishing (Pty) Ltd | All Rights Reserved